Although the form and appearance of stair elevators vary between manufacturers, they all share several fundamental components:

Track or Rail - Just like a railroad track leads a train, the stair lift track supports the chair, provides a propulsion mechanism (often a geared strip), and directs the chair up and down the stairwell.

Track Overruns - Some stair lifts allow for an overrun at the top, bottom, or both ends of the track. A stairlift track overrun's goal is to move the user away from the stairwell so that they can securely approach or disembark the stairlift at a spot where they will not fall on the steps if they fall.

Power supply - While most stairlifts nowadays are battery-powered, all models will require a power source to either charge the battery or directly power the machine in the event of non-battery-powered ones.

Call/Send Controls - Call/Send controls are often located on the wall near either end of the stairlift track to allow a user to summon the chair or send it away when it is not needed.

Seat - A stair lift seat is just a seat for the lift's user to sit on. It may rotate at the top and/or bottom of the track depending on the type and will generally fold up out of the way when not in use.

Seat Belt - The stair chair lifts the seat belt, like the seat belt in a car, is designed to keep the user safely sitting on the seat while the lift is in operation.

Foot Rest - The stair lift's footrest is both a safety feature that keeps the user's feet from striking the stairs while using the lift and a comfort function that supports the user's feet while sitting on the seat.

Battery Charger - To keep the battery charged, battery-powered stair lifts must have some kind of charger. Chargers are often situated beneath the track or at one end of the track.

Battery - The batteries being used in stair lifts are quite costly and are located near the motor at the base of the seat. They will need to be changed at some point.

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